Travel permits 1940–1952

By Fiona Fitzsimons As the US tightened immigration controls in the 1920s and ’30s, free travel continued between Ireland and the United Kingdom. By the 1930s, Britain was the main destination for Irish emigrants. The informal arrangement that allowed free movement meant that neither state kept records of migration: we have no ships’ manifests, few … Read more

Desmond Greaves’s formative years at the Birkenhead Institute, 1925–31

Doctus in se semper divitas habet. (School motto: ‘The learned man always has riches within himself’.)   By Michael Quinn Charles Desmond Greaves, the historian, poet, scientist, philosophical thinker and political activist who dedicated the greater part of his life to Irish affairs, was born in 1913 in Birkenhead on the Wirral Peninsula, across the … Read more